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Agua De Pau Volcano, Portugal
Lagoa do Fogo lake, seen here from the west, partially fills the younger of two Pleistocene calderas on Agua de Pau stratovolcano in central Sao Miguel Island.
Several post-caldera lava domes were emplaced on the northern and western flanks of the volcano, but activity inside the caldera did not resume until the eruption of the 5000-year-old Fogo-A plinian pumice-fall deposit, the product of the largest-known Holocene eruption in the Azores.
Numerous cinder cones have erupted on the flanks of Agua de Pau during historical time.
Agua de Pau stratovolcano in central Sao Miguel Island contains an outer 4 x 7 km caldera formed about 30,000 to 45,000 years ago and an inner 2.5 x 3 km caldera that was created about 15,000 years ago.
The younger caldera is partially filled by the Lagoa do Fogo caldera lake.
Several post-caldera lava domes were emplaced on the northern and western flanks of the volcano, but activity in the caldera did not resume until about 5000 years ago.
The 3-cu-km Fogo-A plinian pumice-fall deposit, the product of the largest-known Holocene eruption in the Azores, was emplaced at this time.
Numerous flank cinder cones mark radial and concentric fissures, some of which have been active during historical time.
The latest trachytic explosive eruption took place during 1563.
Prominent hot springs are located on the NW flank.
PHOTO SOURCE: Rick Wunderman, 1977 (Smithsonian Institution), courtesy of the Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, used with permission.
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